trial, randomized clinical a clinical trial in which persons are randomly assigned to exposure or treatment groups. epidemic period the time span of an outbreak or epidemic. spot map a visual display of the geographic pattern of a health problem, in which a marker is placed on a map to indicate where each affected person lives, works, or might have been exposed. mortality rate, age-specific a mortality rate limited to a particular age group, calculated as the number of deaths among the age group divided by the number of persons in that age group, usually expressed per 100,000. mortality rate, cause-specific the mortality rate from a specified cause, calculated as the number of deaths attributed to a specific cause during a specified time interval among a population divided by the size of the midinterval population. variable, dependent in a statistical analysis, a variable whose values are a function of one or more other variables. sporadic an event that occurs infrequently and irregularly. 1 sensitivity the ability of a test, case definition, or surveillance system to identify true cases; the proportion of people with a health condition (or the proportion of outbreaks) that are identified by a screening test or case definition (or surveillance system). Epitomizing this problem is the Staphylococcus . years of potential life lost (YPLL) a measure of the impact of premature death on a population, calculated as the sum of the differences between a predetermined minimally acceptable age (e.g., 65 years or current life expectancy) and the age at death for everyone who died earlier than that age. frequency polygon a graph of a frequency distribution in which values of the variable are plotted on the horizontal axis, and the number of observations are plotted on the vertical axis. Infant mortality rate is a universally accepted indicator of the health of a nations population and the adequacy of its health-care system. I don't mean amount of alcohol consumed, but alcohol addiction/dependency. For COVID-19, symptoms appear 2-14 days after infection. Manages autoclave and cleaning instruments for Dermatology. infection contagion, contamination, corruption, defilement, poison, pollution, septicity, virus English Collins Dictionary - English synonyms & Thesaurus See also: inflection, injection, infectious, infect Collaborative Dictionary English Thesaurus payday loan n. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. Securing a medical care provision system. All rights reserved. In calculating neonatal mortality rates, the numerator is the number of deaths among this age group during a given period, and the denominator is the number of live births reported during the same period. Synonyms & Similar Words Relevance virus germ disease epidemic attack contagion contagious disease contagium plague illness Synonym: In assisted reproduction technology, the number of newborn deliveries achieved in every one hundred follicular aspirations, embryo transfers, or stimulated cycles. Saving Lives, Protecting People, Principles of Epidemiology in Public Health Practice, Third Edition, Deputy Director for Public Health Science and Surveillance, Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services, Division of Scientific Education and Professional Development, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. synonyms. variable (or data), discrete a variable that is limited to a finite number of values; data for such a variable. We used mRNA display under a reprogrammed genetic code to find a spike-targeting macrocyclic peptide that . suggest new. mortality rate, race/ethnic-specific a mortality rate limited to a specified racial or ethnic group both numerator and denominator are limited to that group. normal distribution a distribution represented as a bell shape, symmetrical on both sides of the peak, which is simultaneously the mean, median, and mode, and with both tails extending to infinity. postneonatal mortality rate see mortality rate, postneonatal. This is true regardless of whether they have shown symptoms of COVID-19 or not. the most highly rated player in English football, in those crowded streets he wouldn't rate a second glance, it must rate as one of the most boring films around. healthy worker effect the observation that employed persons generally have lower mortality rates than the general population, because persons with severe, disabling disease (who have higher mortality rates) tend to be excluded from the workforce. Pandemic When a new disease spreads to many countries around the world. We were delighted, or at any rate satisfied, with the results. Epidemics of Omicron and influenza have both contributed to those high mortality levels in late 2022. There was a failure rate of one pupil in ten in the exam. Synonym: Retina Degeneration. Payday lending is an established form of lending in the US and Canada. rates of prevalence. proportionate mortality the proportion of deaths among a population attributable to a particular cause during a selected period. A. active immunity see immunity, active.. active surveillance see surveillance, active.. age-adjusted mortality rate see mortality rate, age-adjusted.. agent a factor (e.g., a microorganism or chemical substance) or form of energy whose presence, excessive presence, or in the case of deficiency diseases, relative absence is essential for the occurrence of a disease or other adverse health outcome. transmission, airborne transfer of an agent suspended in the air, considered a type of indirect transmission. sample, random a sample of persons chosen in such a way that each one has the same (and known) probability of being selected. (2) A system for early detection of outbreaks whereby health department staff, assisted by automated acquisition of data routinely collected for other purposes and computer generation of statistical signals, monitor disease indicators, particularly those associated with possible terrorism-related biologic and chemical agents, continually or at least daily to detect outbreaks earlier than would otherwise be possible with traditional public health methods. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has had great societal and health consequences. bar chart, 100% component a stacked bar chart in which all bars or columns are the same length, and the measured axis represents 0%100%. incidence of disease. Tea-flavored ice cream doesn't rate highly in my book. A survival curve can also be used to depict freedom from a health problem, complication, or another endpoint. birth rate, crude the number of live births during a specified period divided by the mid-period population, usually expressed per 1,000 population. Best synonyms for 'rate of infection' are 'infection rate', 'incidence rate' and 'morbidity rate'. study, case-control an observational analytic study that enrolls one group of persons with a certain disease, chronic condition, or type of injury (case-patients) and a group of persons without the health problem (control subjects) and compares differences in exposures, behaviors, and other characteristics to identify and quantify associations, test hypotheses, and identify causes. dose-response association between an exposure and health outcome that varies in a consistently increasing or decreasing fashion as the amount of exposure (dose) increases. point-source outbreak see outbreak, point-source. discrete variable (or data) see variable (or data), discrete. source (of infection) the person, animal, object, or substance from which an infectious agent is transmitted to a host. P value the probability of observing an association between two variables or a difference between two or more groups as large or larger than that observed, if the null hypothesis were true. Well, at any rate, let me thank you for all you did. inflection, injection, infectious, infect. bar chart, grouped a bar chart displaying quantities of two variables, represented by adjoining bars or columns (i.e., a group) of categories of one variable, separated by space between groups. The rate of becoming infected ( The y-axis, measuring frequency, uses an arithmetic scale. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. The quantity of medicine or radiation administered per unit of time. WILDFIRE SMOKE AND COVID-19 ARE A ONE-TWO PUNCH FOR INDOOR AIR QUALITY ACROSS THE U.S. COURTS MAY RECONSIDER TEMPORARY CORONAVIRUS RESTRICTIONS AS PANDEMIC DRAGS ON. {\displaystyle \lambda } case, source the case or instance of a patient responsible for transmitting infection to others; the instance of a patient who gives rise to an outbreak or epidemic. trial, clinical an experimental study that uses data from individual persons. an infecting agency or influence. Many of the mechanisms of resistance have been caused by the inappropriate prescription of antibiotics to treat illnesses such as the cold or flu or the over-prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics. A This value is usually expressed as deaths per 100,000 live births. The average age of someone with a breakthrough infection was 42, and it's notable that only one person was known to have a weakened immune system. A nonspecific laboratory test used as a marker of inflammation. Rates Of Infection synonyms - 8 Words and Phrases for Rates Of Infection. denominator the lower portion of a fraction; used in calculating a ratio, proportion, or rate. Synonyms for infection rate - infection rate, incidence rate, morbidity and others. Some types of HPV infection cause warts, and some can cause different types of cancer. The number of heartbeats per unit of time that can be detected by palpating any accessible artery. standard error (of the mean) the standard deviation of a theoretical distribution of sample means of a variable around the true population mean of that variable. EIS Epidemic Intelligence Service; CDCs 2-year training program in applied epidemiology for public health professionals (/eis). It can cause chronic infection and puts people at high risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer. Emma Thorne Drugs used to target HER2-positive invasive breast cancer may also be successful in treating women in the first stages of the disease, researchers at The University of Two common types are cohort studies and case-control studies. These proportions are not mortality rates because, in proportionate mortality, the denominator is all deaths instead of the population among whom the deaths occurred. The WBC count is measured in a reference range of values by the number of blood cells in a cubic millimeter . secondary attack rate see attack rate, secondary. Usually, one variable represents a health outcome, and one represents an exposure or personal characteristic. Search. Etiology Toxoplasmosis Caused by the protozoa Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite Horizontal transmission: Exposure to contaminated cat feces Eating infected raw meat Vertical transmission: If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. transmission, vehicleborne transmission of an agent by an inanimate object; considered a type of indirect transmission; includes foodborne and waterborne transmission. Vad r kursen fr att vxla till ? See: The average airflow during the middle half of a forced vital capacity effort. / The y-axis, measuring frequency, uses a logarithmic scale. arthropod an organism that has jointed appendages and segmented external skeleton (e.g., flies, mosquitoes, ticks, or mites). the relative values of the currencies of two or more countries. exposed group a group whose members have had contact with a suspected cause of, or possess a characteristic that is a suspected determinant of, a particular health problem. Hospital-acquired infections, also known as healthcare-associated infections (HAI), are nosocomially acquired infections that are typically not present or might be incubating at the time of admission. person-time the amount of time each participant in a cohort study is observed and disease-free, often summed to provide the denominator for a person-time rate. experimental study see study, experimental. ; Quelle note lui donneriez-vous sur 10?. Non-sterile gloves are just as effective as sterile gloves in preventing surgical site infection after minor skin surgeries, Detection of Plasmodium falciparum infection in Anopheles stephensi in Punjab, Pakistan, A prospective study to assess risk factors for surgical site infections in a tertiary care center, infantile, generalized GM1 gangliosidosis, Infection Management & Environmental Plan, Infection Prevention & Control Department, Infection Surveillance and Control Program, Infections with a predominantly sexual mode of transmission. What is the rate of alcoholism in the USA compared to the rest of the world? host factor an intrinsic factor (e.g., age, race/ethnicity, sex, or behaviors) that influences a persons exposure, susceptibility, or response to an agent. hypothesis a supposition, arrived at from observation or reflection, that leads to refutable predictions; any conjecture cast in a form that will allow it to be tested and refuted. Broad-spectrum antivirals are needed to safeguard against emerging variants and future pandemics. study, observational a study in which the investigator observes rather than influences exposure and disease among participants. Such a calculation is difficult because not all new infections are reported, and it is often difficult to know how many susceptibles were exposed. This is usually measured at a time when the subject is completely at rest and in a fasting state. THE PROBLEM WITH TRUMPS HERD MENTALITY LINE ISNT THE VERBAL FLUB. The key differences between two common pathogens. passive surveillance see surveillance, passive. skewed a distribution that is not symmetrical. cause of disease a factor (e.g., characteristic, behavior, or event) that directly influences the occurrence of a disease. Synonyms for Infection Rates (other words and phrases for Infection Rates). On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The rate of occurrence of new cases of a disease. The paper is devoted to monitoring the environmental coliform bacteria (CB) contamination (soil and water) in the environmental disaster areas in the Kazakhstan part of the Aral Sea Region and ranking districts by their level of contamination and the rate of gastrointestinal infections (GI). Reducing such a factor among a population should reduce occurrence of the disease. Synonyms disorder, problem, trouble, disease, upset, illness, sickness, ailment, affliction, malady, indisposition in the sense of contagion Definition a corrupting influence that tends to spread They have been reluctant to admit patients with the disease because of fears of contagion. We take your privacy seriously. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. Track the global spread of coronavirus with maps and updates on cases and deaths around the world. It is a major global health problem. case-control study see study, case-control. mean, arithmetic the measure of central location, commonly called the average, calculated by adding all the values in a group of measurements and dividing by the number of values in the group. rate ratio a measure of association that quantifies the relation between an exposure and a health outcome from an epidemiologic study, calculated as the ratio of incidence rates or mortality rates of two groups. asymmetrical a type of distribution where the shape to the right and left of the central location is not the same. cause, sufficient a factor or collection of factors whose presence is always followed by the occurrence of a particular health problem. APA: Classic Thesaurus. Analytic epidemiology uses comparison groups to provide baseline or expected values so that associations between exposures and outcomes can be quantified and hypotheses about the cause of the problem can be tested (see also study, analytic). class interval the span of values of a continuous variable that are grouped into a single category (see also class), usually to create a frequency distribution for that variable. zoonosis an infectious disease that is transmissible from animals to humans. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. Incidence rate is calculated as the number of new cases over a specified period divided either by the average population (usually mid-period) or by the cumulative person-time the population was at risk. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. hyperendemic the constant presence at high incidence and prevalence of an agent or health condition within a given geographic area or population. ITS THE MASS DEATH. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced searchad free! pandemic an epidemic occurring over a widespread area (multiple countries or continents) and usually affecting a substantial proportion of the population. Quarantine refers to separation of potentially exposed but well persons; isolation refers to separation of ill persons. epidemiology the study of the distribution and determinants of health conditions or events among populations and the application of that study to control health problems. 4. pie chart a circular graph of a frequency distribution in which each segment of the pie is proportional in size to the frequency of corresponding category. to estimate the value or worth of; appraise: to rate a student's class performance. individual data values or observations from each record (also called raw data). if this or if that is the case; if this or if that continues. Antiviral therapy and cesarean delivery (CD) improve clinical outcomes. case, index the first case or instance of a patient coming to the attention of health authorities. Columns are drawn so that their bases equal the class intervals (i.e., so that columns of adjacent intervals touch), and their heights correspond to the class frequencies. Until the beginning of 2010, the worm had managed to crash 20% of Iran's functioning centrifuges for uranium enrichment, setting back the country's nuclear program with 2 years. Synonyms of infection infection noun Definition of infection as in virus an abnormal state caused by contact with harmful organisms (such as bacteria or viruses) There is a viral infection spreading among the schoolchildren. Synonym: Upper Respiratory Tract Infections, Recurrent. Data from these systems are used to learn about health status, health care, provision and use of services, and the impact of services and programs on health. an infecting with germs of disease, as through the medium of infected insects, air, water, or clothing. You can complete the list of synonyms of infection rate given by the English Thesaurus dictionary with other English dictionaries: Wikipedia, Lexilogos, Oxford, Cambridge, Chambers Harrap, Wordreference, Collins Lexibase dictionaries, Merriam Webster English-Synonyms dictionary : translate English words into Synonyms with online dictionaries. A white blood cell (WBC) count measures the number of white blood cells in a sample of blood. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. specificity the ability or a test, case definition, or surveillance system to exclude persons without the health condition of interest; the proportion of persons without a health condition that are correctly identified as such by a screening test, case definition, or surveillance system. https://www.thefreedictionary.com/infection+rate, [Middle English, from Old French, from Medieval Latin, [C15: from Old French, from Medieval Latin, to estimate or be estimated, with regard to worth, merit, value. The roles of different age groups in propagating Omicron epidemics in the whole . The study is created by eHealthMe and uses data from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). is that data on the average age of infection is very easily obtainable, even if not all cases of the disease are reported. NOTE: Effective February 1, 2023, the Coronavirus Tracker has switched from LIVE to Daily Updates. life expectancy a statistical projection of the average number of years a person of a given age is expected to live, if current mortality rates continue to apply. Performs all aspects of patient care in an environment that optimizes patient safety and reduces the likelihood of medical/healthcare errors. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. He says that he isn't sure whether we'll be allowed to finish, but at that rate we might as well not start. The purpose is to examine rate of change instead of amount of change only. case-patient in a case-control study, a person who has the disease, injury, or other health condition that meets the case definition (see also case). This value is usually expressed as deaths per 100,000 live births plus stillbirths. Many conditions, including infections, medications, inflammatory diseases, and blood or bone marrow disorders, can cause an abnormal WBC count. Parts of speech CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of implementing a nurse-driven pneumococcal vaccination protocol based on the 2012 Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) guidelines within an academic rheumatology clinic. Diseases of the cardiovascular system may be diagnosed . portal of entry a pathway into the host that gives an agent access to tissue that will allow it to multiply or act. {\displaystyle A}
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