In the modern era, the US used water to blackmail Egypt. The establishment of the Renaissance Dam on the Blue Nile, up 145 and a storage capacity of 74 . The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is the new - The Conversation Indeed, as Tekuya notes, Ethiopia persistently objected to the 1929 and 1959 treaties and made clear that its failure to exploit the Nile resulted from a lack of capacity rather than a lack of a legal right to do so. As stipulated by an Agreement of 1959 (see:Nile Main Conflict), Egypt and Sudan presented for several decades a common position vis--vis other riparians regarding the utilisation and management of Nile waters. Addis Ababa expects to sell no less than 4,000 Megawatts (MW) of electricity to its regional partners in the coming decade. Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam - Wikipedia India dispatch: Supreme Court limits DNA paternity testing in divorce proceedings, prioritizing childrens privacy rights, US dispatch: Texas case could limit access to abortion medication, Copyright infringement made federal crime. As a result, the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) has recognised water security as a possible threat to international peace. Learn. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam and Its Effect on Egypt It imports about half its food products and recycles about 25 bcm of water annually. Egypt, fearing major disruptions to its access to the Nile's waters, originally intended to prevent even the start of the GERD's construction. On Feb. 26, Ethiopia temporarily suspended its . Lastly, over-year storage facilities upstream in Ethiopia will allow Sudan to increase its water use. It will also give Ethiopia more control . The GDP per capita in Ethiopia is only $475. All three countries have a vested interest in a properly operated dam. The Watercourses Convention aims to regulate the uses, as well as the conservation, of all transboundary waters above and below the surface. Egypt says. Workers move iron girders from a crane at the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), near Guba, Ethiopia, on Dec. 26, 2019. The Politics Of The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam - Analysis It concludes that Ethiopias legal position is far stronger and that a negotiated agreement in its favour is the most likely outcome of the dispute. In order to sustain this benefit in the long run, Ethiopias neighbouring countries will have to continue to purchase hydroelectric energy, and rainfall will have to fall at the same rate on the Ethiopian Plateau. Water scarcity is a growing problem. Match facts: Egypts Ahly v South Africas Mamelodi Sundowns (CAF Champions.. Kevin Harts first Egypt show cancelled 'due to local logistical issues', Match facts: Sudans Al-Hilal v Egypts Ahly (CAF Champions League), Match facts: Egypts Ahly v Cameroons Coton Sport (CAF Champions League), Egyptian Premier League results & scorers (20th matchday), Spain La Liga results & scorers (21st matchday), 13 Egyptian women on Forbes Middle East 100 Most Powerful businesswomen 2023, Egyptian Premier League results & fixtures (18th matchday), English Premier League results & scorers (23rd matchday), Prioritising the best solutions for sustainable development, A new beginning for education and beyond, Prioritizing the UN's Global Development Agenda, US-Africa Leaders Summit: Between expectations and realities. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam located in the Benishangul-Gumuz Region of Ethiopia, about 45 km east of the border with Sudan. The withdrawal from the project by Deltares has been met by a wave of objections in Egypt for fear . Hydrological Sciences Journal, 56(4), 687-702. Egypt and Ethiopia have once again locked horns over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile. Another difficulty for Egypt is that making this argument (i.e. Moreover, after the completion of the GERD, Egypt could run short of water if the operation of the GERD was not carefully coordinated with that of the AHD. Revisiting hydro-hegemony from a benefitsharing perspective: the case Government of the United States of America. Most recently, there have been suggestions that the African Union should resolve the disagreement. This is because it is traditionally understood to refer to waterways that form intrinsic parts of international boundaries. Egypt faces another dam challenge - Al-Monitor: Independent, trusted International experts analyze impacts of Ethiopian dam Disputes over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) In June 2020, tensions escalated when Ethiopia declared its intent to fill the dam in July without an agreement, which again led to Egypt and Sudan requesting UNSC intervention on the matter (Kandeel, 2020). disadvantages of the grand ethiopian renaissance dam Why the Nile could see a 'water war'. In contrast, if water from the Dam were to be used for irrigation purposes by Ethiopia (i.e. Because the strategy of land allocation and dam construction relied on senior executive decisions and foreign funding from China, above all, the government was largely freed of pressures of transparency and accountability. The New Arab (2020b). The writer is a professor of political science at the UAEs Zayed and Cairo universities, *A version of this article appears in print in the 9 July, 2020 edition ofAl-Ahram Weekly, Spain La Liga results & fixtures (24th matchday). The Chinese-financed Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), despite a recent breakdown in talks on Africa's largest development project, risks powering up a range of downstream tensions and rivalries. Following the fall of Mengistu Haile-Mariams regime in Ethiopia in 1991, Ethiopia experienced a remarkable rise in the construction of dams and hydroelectric power stations. The IPoE report recommended two studies to assess the environmental and socio-economic impacts of GERD and was interpreted by both the Egyptian and the Ethiopian government as a vindication of their respective positions. In that light, Egypt should minimize trips to Washington, D.C., New York, and Brussels, and instead use its diplomatic resources to improve its relations with the other riparian states. - Ethiopia's massive. Ethiopia also seems to have the political upper hand given that the Dam is effectively a fait accompli and given that Egypts erstwhile downstream ally, Sudan, switched sides in the dispute leaving the Egyptians diplomatically isolated. Article 5 requires that watercourse states utilise an international watercourse in an equitable and reasonable manner and creates the duty to cooperate in the protection and development of the watercourse. The disadvantages for Egypt and Sudan are the possibility of reduced river flow, although this is only really a problem during the years of filling the dam. According to Baradei, hydropower dams create immense turbulence in the water, where chemical reactions such as dissolved oxygen can destroy fauna and flora. Ethiopia has never 'consumed' significant shares of the Niles water so far, as its previous political and economic fragility in combination with a lack of external financial support, due to persistent Egyptian opposition to projects upstream, prevented it from implementing large-scale projects. However, an agreement was still far from reach. Although the case has been dropped, the organisations work focused international attention on the dams potential detrimental impacts on the lakes habitat. Another important area of cooperation is research, especially in areas like climate change, the fight against terrorism and extremism, and human rights. It seeks to build an infrastructure for regional water hegemony, positioning it, at the very least, in such a way that it can exchange water for oil. On the surface, the 558 ft tall dam Africa's biggest hydropower project belies Ethiopia's financial muscle. Search for jobs related to Disadvantages of the grand ethiopian renaissance dam or hire on the world's largest freelancing marketplace with 20m+ jobs. In 1964, the US Land Reclamation Bureau conducted a study for the Ethiopian government, identifying 33 hydraulic projects in the Blue Nile Basin. It is therefore intrinsically connected with the question of land ownership. "The Blue Nile is the lifeblood of Egypt and its people and critics fear the dam could significantly reduce water flow to the country." "Climate change is such a big unknown. This dam, set to be the largest in Africa in terms of power capacity, continues to cause disagreement between Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt on filling and operation strategies. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. Downstream countries Egypt and Sudan have expressed concerns over the impacts of the dam on their water supply. Recently, the tensions among Egypt, Sudan, and Ethiopia over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile have escalated, particularly after Ethiopia announced that it had started filling the GERDs reservoir, an action contrary to Egypts mandate that the dam not be filled without a legally binding agreement over the equitable allocation of the Niles waters. What are the disadvantages of the Aswan Dam? More alarmingly, Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak allegedly even considered bombing the Dam. The strategy and its surrounding narrative have attracted large influxes of foreign investment in the Ethiopian agrarian sector, with multi-million dollar leases of agricultural land to foreigners generally linked to irrigation projects planned in tandem with the construction of the dam. The multi-services provided by the hydropower development and its technical advantages could be driving forces for local, regional and national development, and a catalyst for sustainable development. The situation seemed to improve in the beginning of 2015 when tripartite negotiations were held in order to determine principles of cooperation. Sudans agricultural and hydropower interests align with those of Ethiopia while it has a strong interest in not alienating its 'big brother' and northern neighbour, Egypt, with whom it shares a long and partly contested border (Whittington et al., 2014). Another argument Egypt might adduce concerns the DoP. Thus, as with the Watercourses Convention and the CFA, the DoP does not offer a clear legal resolution to the dispute. But controversy has surrounded the project ever since it was announced in 2011 especially concerning its . The grand Ethiopian Renaissance dam (eg) - SlideShare The Ethiopian government has always availed itself of its power to transfer local populations off land it decides to declare a public resource. The CFA was a political success for the eight upstream states such as Ethiopia as it favoured those states and isolated the downstream states of Egypt and Sudan and made them appear recalcitrant. You can revoke your consent to the site operator at any time by unsubscribing from the newsletter. The Nile is not a boundary-delimiting river, hence Ethiopia would almost certainly argue that the exception should not be applied here. Elliot Winter is a lecturer (assistant professor) in international law at Newcastle University in the United Kingdom. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) is a 6000 MW hydropower project on the Blue Nile, which the Ethiopian government plans to build to fulfill the country's energy needs. His research indicates that rapid filling of the reservoir could lead to severe economic losses, though he notes that expanding groundwater extraction, adjusting the operation of Egypt's Aswan High Dam, and cultivating crops that require less water could help offset some of the impact. Negative impacts of the GERD - Opinion - Ahram Online Swain, A. Egypt wants control and guarantees for its share of Nile waters. It states in Principle III that the parties shall take all appropriate measures to prevent the causing of significant harm. Hence, it seems that such an argument would receive a warm welcome from the current bench were the matter ever to be adjudicated there. This includes Sudan, another downstream nation that one might assume would oppose its construction. Ethiopia seems to have the legal upper hand in this dispute. "The Israeli installation of the missile system around the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam was completed after the Israeli work began in May 2019, considering that it is the first Israeli air defense system abroad that can launch (two types of missiles), the first with a range of 5 km, and the second with a range of 50 kilometer". Egypt has also escalated its call to the international community to get involved. On 5 July 2021, Ethiopia informed Egypt and Sudan that the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile in Ethiopia is undergoing its second filling. Ultimately, however, Egypt did not sign the CFA (nor did Sudan) hence it does not resolve the dispute. per year, that would constitute a drought, to push the three countries to adhere to their obligations in accordance with the rules of international law in order to reach a fair and balanced solution to the issue of the GERD, 1929 Anglo-Egyptian Treaty and 1959 Agreement. The current filling which is ongoing since early July 2021 has presented no issues as well. The Government of Egypt, a country which relies heavily on the waters of the Nile, has demanded that Ethiopia cease construction on the dam as a preconditions to negotiations, sought regional support for its position, and some political leaders have discussed methods to sabotage it. Review a brief history of copyright in the United States. Such an understanding and appreciation of Egypts water vulnerability would help the riparians develop a water management protocol that can significantly enhance equitable and reasonable use while minimizing significant harm to downstream riparians. Created by. Disadvantages Slow process Could be washed to the wrong direction Start up costs Lesson 4: Long term investment, It can't cope with he propagation rate of water hyacinth. Ethiopias strategy for dam construction goes far beyond developmental goals. The Zenawi concept of a Strong Ethiopia envisions the country as a powerful hydroelectric energy hub exporting electricity to Djibouti and Somalia in the east, Kenya and Uganda to the south, and Sudan to the west. Could the Nile dispute be an opportunity to boost freshwater technology? Ethiopias Blue Nile Dam is an opportunity for regional collaboration, Developing countries are key to climate action, Self-organizing Nigeria: The antifragile state, Managing the compounding debt and climate crises. l It is in the Benishangul-Gumuz Region of Ethiopia, about 15 km east of the border with Sudan. It simultaneously expects that this role will change Ethiopias international status from a country perceived as poor and dependent on foreign aid to a regional power able to provide vital resources to its surrounding region. The disadvantages for Egypt and Sudan are the possibility of reduced river flow, although this is only really a problem during the years of filling the dam. This is a matter of acute concern given that Egypt depends on the Nile for about 97% of its irrigation and drinking water. Before discussing the benefits, the article will brief the general technical overview of the GERDP. This article quantifies the major benefits of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam Project for Sudan and Egypt based on GERDP technical design and quantitative analysis.
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