life 2021 sap nat nature life 2021 sap nat nature

Peter Bauer, Jonas Brugger, Martin Posch, Sven Drefahl, Matthew Wallace, Gunnar Andersson, Hctor Pifarr i Arolas, Enrique Acosta, Mikko Myrskyl, Ian F. Miller, Alexander D. Becker, C. Jessica E. Metcalf, Stefano Amore, Emanuela Puppo, Giuseppe Liotta, Ariel Pablos-Mndez, Simone Villa, Richard Alan Cash, Megan ODriscoll, Gabriel Ribeiro Dos Santos, Henrik Salje, Nature Medicine & Shamanin, V. V. Chain degradation under low-intensity sonication of polymer solutions in the presence of filler: Mechanism of ultrasonic degradation of flexible chain macromolecules. Inqurito Nacional sobre Insegurana Alimentar no Contexto da Pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil. LIFE 2021 - 2027 Webinar Castro, M. C. et al. Among males, two states, Amazonas and Par, both in the North region, lost all that was gained over 2 decades (Fig. LIFE - Support for applicants (europa.eu) Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. 48, 21812190 (2015). We created data visualizations in R, ArcMap version 10.8 (ESRI) and Adobe Illustrator CS6. They might reduce access to and coverage of primary care and increase infant mortality and avoidable deaths. Syntheses of pressure-sensitive adhesives from petroleum feedstocks (industrial approach) compared to waste diaper-based feedstock (open-loop recycling). 10, 48754880 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24488-9, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24488-9. We also calculated state inequalities in life expectancy, measured as the difference between the lowest and the highest state life expectancy, to assess changes due to COVID-19 (Methods). Alarifi, A. S. & Aouak, T. Synthesis of acrylic or methacrylic acid/acrylate or methacrylate ester polymers using pervaporation. B., Bell, J. Silveira, M. F. et al. Our mission was, and remains, to change the way energy is made and used in. 166, 108304 (2020). Marcia C. Castro. https://www.vitalstrategies.org/resources/excess-mortality-in-brazil-a-detailed-description-of-trends-in-mortality-during-the-covid-19-pandemic/ (2020). In the Northeast, however, the estimated decreases in life expectancy in 2020 are smaller than in the North. T32 AG000037). Sci. It is also the case that the difference in life expectancy between 2019 and 2020 could encompass secular changes unrelated to the pandemic. Globally, there have been significant efforts towards recycling the components of diapers28. Demography 43, 647657 (2006). quizlet cosmetology. of 2-ethylhexanol and H2SO4 as a catalyst (Fig. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jan/14/brazil-manaus-amazonas-covid-coronavirus (2021). ^c2/rML[,[gs] US Patent 9,321,868 B2 (April 26, 2016). 2 Topics under the 2021 call 1. Z., Sohail, N., Hayes, R. L. & Brooks, C. L. Overcoming challenging substituent perturbations with multisite -dynamics: A case study targeting -secretase 1. In Latin America, at least four countries experienced secular mortality declines at earlier dates: Argentina, Uruguay, Costa Rica and Cuba9. After recording the highest number of monthly COVID-19 deaths in April 2021, transmission remains extremely high, with about 2,000 daily deaths but a very slow immunization rollout. sub-programme "Transition to clean energy". Future Market Insights (FMI). M.C.C., N.G., C.M.T. 3 0 obj These records, aggregated at the state level, are publicly available by date on the website (https://brasil.io/covid19/). . Considering the large COVID-19 death toll in Brazil, with marked regional inequalities, our goal was to quantify the loss in e0 and e65 in 2020 and in the first 4 months of 2021 due to the pandemic. Cad. endobj Lancet Respir. ACS Sustain. Creton, C. Pressure-sensitive adhesives: An introductory course. Due to these challenges, the focus has been on re-use of recovered materials, rather than recycling; for example, the recovered superabsorbent polymers have been explored for enhancing the water retention properties of soil21,22. Publishers note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. After more than 195,000 lives were reported to have been lost in 2020 to COVID-19, no policy changes have appeared in 2021. Third, reports of long-term consequences of COVID-19 among survivors continue to emerge32,33, including fatigue and neurological, pulmonary and cardiovascular complications, among others. Ichiura, H., Nakaoka, H. & Konishi, T. Recycling disposable diaper waste pulp after dehydrating the superabsorbent polymer through oxidation using ozone. Proven ability to identify and interpret a. Responsible for the full life-cycle of the first infotainment system in the market, AutoPC built with Microsoft. Article Manages sample collection and retention strategy. Soc. The acid-catalyzed hydrolysis outperformed the base-mediated hydrolysis by a factor of 10 on both global warming potential and cumulative energy demand. LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV - Nature Governance - Standard Action Projects (SAP) I progetti relativi a questa call devono essere orientati verso la garanzia di conformit alla legislazione dell'UE in materia di natura e biodiversit e l'accesso alla giustizia mediante: To avoid inconsistencies between life tables estimated for 2019 and 2020, we applied the same methodology to 2019. are supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant no. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. State acronyms by region: North: AC=Acre, AP=Amap, AM=Amazonas, PA=Par, RO=Rondnia, RR=Roraima and TO=Tocantins; Northeast: AL=Alagoas, BA=Bahia, CE=Cear, MA=Maranho, PB=Paraba, PE=Pernambuco, PI=Piau, RN=Rio Grande do Norte and SE=Sergipe; Center-West: DF=Distrito Federal, GO=Gois, MT=Mato Grosso and MS=Mato Grosso do Sul; Southeast: ES=Esprito Santo, MG=Minas Gerais, RJ=Rio de Janeiro and SP=So Paulo; South: PR=Paran, RS=Rio Grande do Sul and SC=Santa Catarina. Google Scholar. Excitingly, a viable central region pressure-sensitive adhesive is accessible without any sonication. Rev. & van der Schaar, M. Ethnic and regional variations in hospital mortality from COVID-19 in Brazil: a cross-sectional observational study. LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV Nature Governance Each project application under the call must address only one of these topics. In the first 4 months of 2021, COVID-19 deaths represented 107% of the total 2020 figures. LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV Nature Governance Standard Action Projects (SAPs) Strategic Nature Projects (SNAPs) SNAPs: (1)target the implementation of the Prioritised Action Frameworks (PAF) other plans or strategies adopted at international, national, regional or multiregional level by nature The Guardian. Over the last decades, the completeness of death registration has improved steadily in Brazil43, and data completeness is likely to be similar for 2019 and 2020. LIFE-2022-SAP-NAT-GOV Gamtos valdysenos projektai (angl. Estimates are presented by sex and state, and we measured and compared changes across states and in femalemale gaps in life expectancy. and JavaScript. Hone, T. et al. Res. We used several data sources to estimate the changes in e0 and e65 due to COVID-19 by state and sex in Brazil. Nature Governance ID LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV Types of action LIFE Project Grants Deadline model single-stage Opening date 13 July 2021 Deadline date 30 November 2021 17:00:00 Brussels time Projetos SNAP (os chamados projetos integrados no anterior Regulamento, mas agora especficos We estimate a decline in 2020 life expectancy at birth (e0) of 1.3 years, a mortality level not seen since 2014. The G at each frequency describes an adhesives resistance to shear, and this term generally increases in samples with more chain entanglements (e.g., with increasing Mw). Liu, Y., Lotero, E. & Goodwin, J. G. Jr Effect of water on sulfuric acid catalyzed esterification. Chazovachii, P. T., Somers, M., Alfaro, J., McNeil, A. J. Rede Genmica Fiocruz. Jul 13, 2021 Nature and Biodiversity ID:LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-NATURE Type of action: [object Object] Objective: To contribute to European Union objectives for the protection, maintenance and restoration of the Union's natural capital in its marine, freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. 4 0 obj To estimate total deaths in the presence of COVID-19, we used different methodological approaches. 58, 13471364 (2020). Numbers above. Article Usually, the mid-year population is a good approximation of person-years lived during the year. Several provisional patent and patent applications have been filed based on this work. 7 years of experience in SAP GL-MDM, SAP MDG and SAP ECC (Cost Center, Profit Center & General Ledger). Within the first 15h, we observed a substantial drop (more than two orders of magnitude) in viscosity, after which point no further changes were observed. A summary of findings and implications of these estimates is shown in Table 1. Hayes, R. L., Armacost, K. A., Vilseck, J. et al. To obtain Integrated Projects (all subprogrammes): 19 October 2021 - Concept Note. Nevertheless, the estimates might still suffer from incomplete and/or delayed reporting of deaths, especially those for 2021, with potential variation in completeness across states. We calculated the probability of surviving from age x to age x + n (npx), the probability of dying between age x and x + n (nqx) and the average person-years lived in the interval by those dying in the interval (nax): where * indicates that the measure is from the life table that does not contain COVID-19 as a cause of death. life-2021-sap-nat nature #life 2021 sap env gov #life-2021-sap-nat nature #life 2021 ta pp env sip #Life Call #life programme 2021 #LIFE Program #call for proposals climate change 2021 #life 2021 strat two stage Overall health conditions of individuals with diabetes worsened in 2020 due to reduced physical activity, postponement of medical appointments and interruption in regular drug treatment31. <>/Metadata 190 0 R/ViewerPreferences 191 0 R>> Marques, N. P. et al. Informao Demogrfica e Socioeconmica. Reaction conditions and yields for acid-catalyzed esterification of poly(acrylic acid), acetic acid, and undecanoic acid. Clean. The resulting chain-shortened PAAP&G fragments were then dialyzed to remove excess acid, lyophilized, and then ground into a powder. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Estimated change in e0 (c) and e65 (d) in 2021. Also, the states with extreme values changed only for e65 for both sexes, with the lowest shifting from Roraima in 2019 to Amazonas in 2020. xCv+}jE`MGA-k8E5YYM 8, 1450414510 (2020). JAMA 325, 808811 (2021). A life cycle assessment was used to compare the routes that involved (i) no sonication, (ii) sonication for 1min (2.5% w/v) and (iii) sonication for 2min (5.0% w/v), including the workup steps, and will be described in more detail below. US Provisional Patent Application No. Santos, M. C. et al. First, differences in these period life expectancies capture both direct and indirect mortality effects of COVID-19 in 2020. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/27/brazil-begins-parliamentary-inquiry-into-bolsonaros-covid-response (2021). We argue that, in the case of COVID-19 in Brazil, the rebound will not happen in 2021, and the pre-pandemic trajectory of annual gains in e0 will likely slow down. As of 25 May 2021, 20 of the 27 capital cities have intensive care unit occupancy above 80% (half of those above 90%)20. Chem. Chem. Bystryak, S., Santockyte, R. & Peshkovsky, A. S. Cell disruption of S. cerevisiae by scalable high-intensity ultrasound. To interrogate this hypothesis, we measured the percent esterification under different conditions. 99, 99106 (2015). Public Health 17, 4322 (2020). An alternative recycling route known as chemical recycling was developed to address these challenges8,9,10,11. Applicants wishing to apply for more than one topic, must submit a separate proposal under each topic. From an energetic standpoint, the CED is reduced by 18.8% and 18.6% with the sonication scenarios, and further reduced (by 24.8%) in the scenario without sonication. http://www.genomahcov.fiocruz.br/tabela-de-dados/ (2021). Preston, S., Heuveline, P. & Guillot, M. Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes (Wiley-Blackwell, 2000). PubMedGoogle Scholar. Chem. The main results presented in the text are based on differences between the 2019 and 2020 life tables, for two primary reasons. Researchers investigate what COVID-19 does to the heart. Experienced Manager with a demonstrated history of working in the computer software industry. To achieve the necessary cohesive and holding strength for a PSA, the polymer (after esterification) should have a Mw>400kg/mol25,36. Because the 2021 estimates are based on deaths that occurred in only a 4-month period, the magnitudes of declines are not directly comparable with those for 2020 using the DT19 method (Supplementary Tables 5 and 6). Of the gains achieved in e0 in Brazil over 2 decades, 19% were lost due to COVID-19 (Supplementary Table 8). . Phillips, T. Covid eruption in Brazils largest state leaves health workers begging for help. Anjeza Beharaj, Ethan Z. McCaslin, Mark W. Grinstaff, Aya Samir, Fatma H. Ashour, Mohamed Bassyouni, Amar K. Mohanty, Feng Wu, Manjusri Misra, Hom N. Sharma, Jeremy M. Lenhardt, Long N. Dinh, Ephraim G. Morado, Mara L. Paterson, Steven C. Zimmerman, Anna M. Duraj-Thatte, Avinash Manjula-Basavanna, Neel S. Joshi, Ainara Sangroniz, Jian-Bo Zhu, Haritz Sardon, Nature Communications Khoo, S. C. et al. The resulting acidic polymer solutions were used directly in the subsequent experiments without any isolation steps. and C.M.T. Among the states, the largest setback was estimated for Amazonas and Par (levels of 2006 for both sexes, 2008 and 2010 for females and 2005 and 2002 for males). First, we estimate that COVID-19 deaths in the first 4 months of 2021 have already reduced e0 by 1.8 years, and the ultimate effect on 2021 e0 will be even greater. For example, the 1918 influenza pandemic was estimated to have reduced e0 in the United States by 712 years7. Rochman, C. M. Microplastics research-from sink to source. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01437-z, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01437-z. The data required to reproduce the results presented in this paper are available at https://github.com/mcastrolab/Brazil-Covid19-e0-change/tree/main/data. You can alreadyfind all information and documentation needed at theFunding & Tenders Portal, includingthe call text and application forms. Unfortunately, most used diapers sit in landfills without substantial biodegradation, or are incinerated. What it lacks is leadership commitment to save lives. Second, in contrast to DT19 and DT20, the method based on the difference in life expectancy between 2019 and 2020 makes no assumption about independence of causes of death (that is, that the risks of dying from other causes are unaffected by the addition or elimination of COVID-19 mortality), an assumption that was almost certainly violated during the pandemic. We have included these important steps in our life cycle assessments, however, our syntheses utilized the more readily accessible samples of superabsorbent polymer used to manufacture diapers at P&G. The estimated decline in 2021 e0 is 1.78 years (1.86 years for males and 1.64 years for females). In January 2021, Manaus witnessed one of the most tragic scenarios of overwhelmed hospital capacity, running out of not only hospital beds but also oxygen22. J. C.M.T. Lines represent changes for Brazil. These results demonstrate that solvent hydrophobicity improves conversion to the ester. An accomplished and highly motivated senior ABAP Developer. The corresponding VW for each adhesive is the rectangular region bounded by these four moduli. Under ultrasound, solvodynamic shear forces cleave polymer chains into shorter fragments while maintaining the polymers chemical identity. Pocious, A. V. Adhesion and Adhesives Technology, 3rd ed. 1). La Commissione europea ha pubblicato i primi bandi del programma LIFE 2021-2027 per l'ambiente, il clima e l'energia. The materials, equipment, synthetic methods, as well as all processed data generated in this study are provided in the Supplementary Information file. Polym. Posta Elettronica Certificata (PEC): protocollo.ispra@ispra.legalmail.it, Kick-off meeting of the projet LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-NATURE TURTLENEST, https://www.isprambiente.gov.it/en/news/kick-off-meeting-of-the-projet-life-2021-sap-nat-nature-turtlenest, https://www.isprambiente.gov.it/en/news/kick-off-meeting-of-the-projet-life-2021-sap-nat-nature-turtlenest/@@download/image/carretta.png. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. On the final day of the Team Girls Cup, I went for a morning trip to Surfers Paradise for a swim and quality time with the family. 8). (Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co, Weinheim, 2020). Brazil has been heavily affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Applicants wishing to apply for more than one topic, must submit a separate proposal under each topic. We compared the gap in life expectancy between males and females in the period life tables constructed for 2019 and 2020 (Methods). Height influenced biomass accumulation and hence C gain, where life forms . (UHe&+IW6rQIG nD!? Tobing, S. D. & Klein, A. Molecular parameters and their relation to the adhesive performance of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives. Thiounn, T. & Smith, R. C. Advances and approaches for chemical recycling of plastic waste. J. Phys. Collias, D. I. et al. We found that the faster the speed at which COVID-19 spread across municipalities (a lower locational Hoover Index), the larger the changes in e0 (Pearson correlation=0.724, P<0.001). https://portal.fiocruz.br/sites/portal.fiocruz.br/files/documentos/boletim_covid_2021_extraordinario_maio.pdf (2021). We calculate three sets of estimates of life expectancy decline but argue that those based on the difference in life expectancy between 2019 and 2020, which include all reported deaths in those 2 years, are the most defensible because they do not depend on accurate classification of cause of death, determination of whether the death was directly or indirectly due to COVID-19 or assumptions about independence among causes. In 15 states (including the entire Southeast region), this loss was higher among males (Fig. This approach was inspired by the similar structures of sodium polyacrylate (superabsorbent polymer) and the polyacrylates (pressure-sensitive adhesives) used in tapes, bandages, and sticky notes, among others23. b, Estimated change in e65 in 2020 based on the difference from life tables calculated for 2019 and 2020 by state and sex. Green. USA 118, e2014746118 (2021). FaterSMART. Via Vitaliano Brancati, 48 - 00144 Roma (I) Several environmental impact categories were examined, but particular attention was paid to the global warming potential (GWP) and cumulative energy demand (CED). Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. 63/174,000 (filed April 13, 2021). 3a). The state gap remained roughly the same for both e0 and e65 (Fig. 1 Land Law III (LLAW3105) Exam DECEMBER 2021 MARKING GUIDE Examiner I: II: University #: Q1 (22) + Q2 (18) + Q3 (12) + Q4 (14) + Q5 (14) - Total Marks: (out of 80) Q Suggested points/answers Marks 1(a) Land is held under Tso, Chinese customary trust for ancestral worship and is supposed to be inalienable and perpetual. Ultimately, inequality might become worse, exacerbating an already distressing scenario due to COVID-19. Sonication has previously been used to chain-shorten high-molar mass polymers with various backbone architectures31,32, including polyacrylic acid33, and has been used at scale34. Abbasi, J. Slider with three articles shown per slide. CAS To circumvent these challenges, the water by-product can be selectively removed via azeotropic distillation, or a large excess of alcohol can be employed44,45. is supported by the National Institute on Aging (grant no. Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. Moriguchi, T. & Arita, Y. volume12, Articlenumber:4524 (2021) U.S. Patent Application 2021/0054161 A1 (February 25, 2021). ISSN 1078-8956 (print). Ranzani, O. T. et al. Health 8, E1018E1026 (2020). Chazovachii, P.T., Somers, M.J., Robo, M.T. Chem. 8,17). 6, 35893595 (2018). Nature 594, 259264 (2021). )fdg{ca8L[2!/5\r>yGFB]Jd0EH|-v6fmxtlv^{@-0x@oOXLx1)&f@4M6"S6,+I"zvM7AC ~z:Wy{wF3JkGZpd\ _] 7N8cPi} United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)Office of Land and Emergency Management. Projects focussing exclusively on governance are excluded from this Call topic and covered by the related Call topic LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV. Recent efforts to sidestep this degradation using microwaves and added radical initiators led to oligomeric products with 5060% decarboxylation19. In contrast, few studies have examined recycling of the sodium polyacrylate superabsorbent polymers. 100th Anniversary of macromolecular science viewpoint: redefining sustainable polymers. M.C.C. Before COVID-19, e0 in Brazil lagged behind many countries in Asia, Europe and the Americas. The decline was larger for males, widening by 9.1% the femalemale gap in e0. Science 360, 2829 (2018). Boletim Extraordinrio do Observatrio Covid-19 Fiocruz. We also estimated changes in e65 (Fig. WASHINGTON (AP) An ambitious and wide-ranging White House cybersecurity plan released Thursday calls for bolstering protections on critical sectors and making software companies legally liable. We offer five reasons as to why. Vilseck, J. Polym. Chem. 1a, Supplementary Table 1 and Methods), with a larger drop for males (1.57 years) than females (0.95 years). Molecules 23, 2870 (2018). All the adhesives synthesized from PAAP&G fall within quadrant 3 and the central region (Fig. 5. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. Anne J. McNeil. ISSN 1546-170X (online) Preparation of pressure sensitive adhesives from post-consumer superabsorbent polymers. Bars, organized by major regions, show changes for the states. The evergreen broadleaved shrubs were shorter in height (3.06 0.99 m) than palm-leaved life forms (19.29 5.39 m). sub-programme "Circular economy and quality of life". Natl Acad. Although durability and strength are advantages of synthetic polymers, these properties are also responsible for their environmental persistence4,5,6. Vital Strategies. LIFE-2022-SAP-NAT-NATURE Gamta ir biologin vairov (angl. and S.G. conducted data curation. Faria, N. R. et al. Upgrading of postconsumer absorbent hygiene products for bioethanol production. Noronha, K. V. M. S. et al. Mechanical recycling is not feasible because the crosslinks prevent melting. The resulting materials exhibit low-to-medium storage and loss moduli, and as such, are applicable as general-purpose adhesives. A more limited version of the basic income program was re-established in April 2021. LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT Nature & Biodiversity - Standard Action Projects (SAP) LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV Nature Governance 19 , 2021 First, as our main specification, we constructed period life tables that considered deaths by state, sex and age group. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate. Next, we estimated total 2021 deaths, including COVID-19 confirmed deaths (\({\,}_nD_x^{COV}\)), reported by Brasil.io. Article Lancet 397, 220232 (2021). 5)49,50. An estimated 6.3 billion metric tons of post-consumer polymer waste has been produced, with the majority (79%) in landfills or the environment. Further information on research design is available in the Nature Research Reporting Summary linked to this article. Google Scholar. and S.G. conducted the formal analysis. Rahimi, A. ADS 2 0 obj Carvalho, C. A., Viola, P. C. A. F. & Sperandio, N. How is Brazil facing the crisis of food and nutrition security during the COVID-19 pandemic? Governors in that region imposed the most rigorous measures of physical distancing, in direct opposition to recommendations from the President14. In summary, the death toll of COVID-19 in Brazil has been catastrophic. The COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: analysis of supply and demand of hospital and ICU beds and mechanical ventilators under different scenarios. Here, we assumed that individuals who did not die of COVID-19 in the first 4 months of 2021 would be subject to the 2019 age group-specific and sex-specific mortality rates. Int. Internet Explorer). McNeill, I. C. & Sadeghi, S. M. T. Thermal stability and degradation mechanisms of poly(acrylic acid) and its salts: Part 1-poly(acrylic acid). Preprint at https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.26.21252554v1 (2021). The new plastics economy: rethinking the future of plastics & catalyzing action. We showed that a largely unmitigated pandemic, in a context of local inequalities, resulted in a high and unequal mortality burden. Microwave-assisted hydrothermal decomposition of super absorbent polymers. On average, larger declines in e0 and e65 were estimated in the North regions and smaller in the South regions (Fig. Stab. We applied standard life table relationships to complete these counterfactual life tables44. Huang, C. et al. Chem. https://virological.org/t/first-reported-cases-of-sars-cov-2-sub-lineage-b-1-617-2-in-brazil-an-outbreak-in-a-ship-and-alert-for-spread/706 (2021). M.C.C. Reduction in life expectancy in Brazil after COVID-19. % Buss, L. F. et al. & Garca, J. M. Chemical recycling of waste plastics for new materials production. To probe the role of both solvent and substrate hydrophobicity, we used two different substrates (acetic versus undecanoic acid) and solvents (ethanol versus 2-ethylhexanol). Castro, M.C., Gurzenda, S., Turra, C.M. Esterification of carboxylic acids with trialkyloxonium salts. To calculate person-years for 2020, we first interpolated population projections, assuming exponential growth by age, sex and state, for the first day of each month in 2020. 1c), broadly mirroring the patterns across states (Fig. Esterification of polyacrylic acid using alkyl halides under basic conditions had already been reported38. Here we report an open-loop recycling method for these materials that involves (i) decrosslinking via hydrolysis, (ii) an optional chain-shortening via sonication, and (iii) functionalizing via Fischer esterification. - Experienced in end-to-end order management process using SAP <br>- More than fourteen (14) years of experience on data analysis, which provides strategic and tactical support to Real Estate documents from various counties in the United States<br>- Self-motivated, results-oriented, and able to work with minimal supervision<br>- Possess proven problem solving abilities and very strong . Moreover, the life cycle assessments, which utilized soiled diapers as the starting point, demonstrated that these open-loop recycling methods outperform the conventional routes from petroleum-derived feedstocks on nearly every metric, including for the key LCA metrics of global warming potential and cumulative energy demand. A life cycle assessment demonstrates that the adhesives synthesized via this approach outcompete the same materials derived from petroleum feedstocks on nearly every metric, including carbon dioxide emissions and cumulative energy demand. All environmental data were gathered from experiments, literature, or the ecoinvent database (version 3.5)51, and implemented in SimaPro v. 9.0.0.4850, as described in detail within the Supporting Information (Supplementary Information pgs S36S41).