banana dna extraction lab report conclusion

every $#v#"g orga"#sm. LECTURER'S NAME: DR. LAM NYEE FAN. The banana mixtures were cooled, the mushed again. 0000006862 00000 n When you are done, take a closer look at the stuff on the stirrer. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Potential of independent assortment in meiosis I C. They reside on different chromosomes D. One gene often. This DNA extraction is simple and works every time but the DNA is not pure. 10 minutes with: Explore how the human body functions as one unit in harmony in order to life //= $post_title DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is found in all living things. Then alcohol added to the solution causes the DNA to precipitate out. (c) Or, slowly pour the alcohol down the inside of the test tube with a pasteur pipette or medicine dropper. Step 1: Chop up the banana. Save time and let our verified experts help you. 1 0 obj Do this for 30 to 45 seconds. DNA is made up of a series of monomers called nucleotides. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Let us help you get a good grade on your paper. It is incredibly small, but we can see it by extracting DNA and isolating chains of it. Video of this experiment can be found here: DN #s !ou"% #" the ce$$s o! /Subtype /Image re$ease% !rom the ce$$. 1 What is the purpose of extracting DNA from banana? /BitsPerComponent 8 Some of the protein is still present. 5 What is DNA extraction and what is its purpose? The process involves a few general steps, including mashing, filtration, precipitation, and extraction. 0000044671 00000 n However, it is nice because the students get to see and hold in their hand the substance they have been studying that seems so abstract and hard to believe it even exists. << A water bath was prepared. Water is a molecule of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (H2O)more. But with bananas, we share about 50 percent of our genes, which turns out to be only about 1 percent of our DNA, emails Mike Francis, a Ph. /Title () The solution then sat for two to three minutes without a single disruption such as shaking the test tube. In this activity, you will extract and observe DNA from bananas. 6 : Group Bs Results Tan 1 1. You are looking at DNA! Step 1. They produce molecules called proteins that do most of the work in the body. The a$coho$ separates the DN !rom the other, ce$$ compo"e"ts' wh#ch are $e!t beh#"% #" the water, Do not sell or share my personal information, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ew9-YGrgpWo. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The Essay on Human Genome Project Sequence Dna Information. Some of the protein is still present. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Add the dishwashing soap into the bag and gently mix the contents. trailer /Type /XObject What is the purpose of extracting DNA from banana? Strawberries are octoploid, which means they have eight copies of the DNA in their genome in every cell! 7 0 obj Try to avoid making too much foam. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". 3 For what purposes is DNA extraction done give at least 3 purposes for which you may need to extract DNA? 5 0 obj For more info, see, Modern Language Association, 7th Ed. 4 0 obj ASU - Ask A Biologist. DNA extractions the surface of genetic engineering. 0000045399 00000 n DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose. << Mush the banana in the resealable bag for about a minute until all the lumps are gone and it almost looks like pudding. 0000005524 00000 n May 2nd, 2018 - The banana DNA will begin to rise and precipitate out of solution Documents Similar To Lab Report 4 DNA Isolation Bio DNA Extraction Lab Report Lab Reports ScienceHK April 24th, 2018 - To learn the simple method of DNA extraction Take a picture which will be included in your lab report Who says lab reports can t be fun Extraction solution 'S' was added into ziplock 'Extraction 1' and extraxtion solution 'SS' into ziplock bad . 20 milliliters (four teaspoons) of distilled water was then added to the mixture. The bananas were mushed carefully to avoid the bag from breaking. 9. For more info, see, https://askabiologist.asu.edu/activities/banana-dna, Public Service and What is the formula for calculating solute potential? Remove and discard the used coffee filter. Three heaping teaspoons of the banana mixture that was made in the beginning of the experiment was then added to the shampoo, salt, and water solution and mixed with a spoon for five to ten minutes. (2018, Feb 11). 1 0 obj 2 0 obj Melissa Wilson Sayres. Once extracted, DNA could be observed and inferences made about the nature of DNA, and then compare the differences between two DNA's amount. The DNA precipitates out of the solution when the alcohol is added. Press ESC to cancel. Why or why not? This DNA extraction is simple and works every time but the DNA is not pure. 6T3G]Zq`S;z*H27$21a4a@ aaSn;,8@ U For molecular research, the quality and integrity of DNA obtained will affect the reliability of subsequent results. It would take about 300,000 DNA molecules side by side to make a bundle as thick as a human hair. D. student in bioinformatics at the University of Georgia. By volunteering, or simply sending us feedback on the site. } !1AQa"q2#BR$3br startxref Sometimes it is hard to do all the work on your own. My averages of all three fruits range from a difference compared to the other fruit of 1.67, 0.33 and 2. Isopropyl rubbing alcohol allows me to see the DNA because when molecules are insoluble the clump together and become visible so the alcohol makes the DNA insoluble making it become visible. * To investigate the effect of temperature on DNA extraction from bananas. My Gene: a region of DNA that instructs the cell on how to build protein(s). Explore how the human body functions as one unit in I. K International Publising House. Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes for a Happier, Healthier and Longer Life. All of the above steps are completed in the same manner for the banana DNA extraction except for the adding of water during the smashing of the fruit. The probable reason for the tinted brown shade in the human epithelial DNA and not the strawberry DNA is that human epithelial DNA is extracted from one's mouth in which. The salt contributes positively charged atoms that neutralise the normal negative charge of DNA. 0000040445 00000 n ASU - Ask A Biologist. database? DNA is a component of living and once-living things. 0000045111 00000 n After stirring for five to ten minutes, the mixture of banana and shampoo was filtered by pouring it into the coffee filter and letting the solution drain for several minutes until there was approximately five milliliters of filtrate to test. Conclusion Purpose : This lab was conducted in order to show and analyze the way DNA is extracted. DNA provides a blueprint for an organism's growth and development. The procedure contains three steps (digestion, Incubation, and centrifugation). 0000003969 00000 n So when seeing it without a high-poweredmicroscopewhat does DNA look like? "Seeing DNA". (60 oC) 2. When the size of the sample nearly tripled at 939.46 ng/ul for the RNA reading, the measurements at both the 260 and 280 wavelength . If I mash up a living organism , then I can isolate the DNA . 0000040688 00000 n p$ace #t #" a cappe% tube 0$$e% w#th a$coho$. Within every living organism, most cells contain a complete set of DNA instructions. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Mashing the banana exposes a greater surface area from which to extract the DNA. Possible Materials and Equipment Measuring cup . Studying DNA is one way scientists learn about what is necessary for life. Segments, or pieces, of DNA are called "genes." Hear Let this two-layer mixture sit for eight minutes. Extraction solution S was added into ziplock Extraction 1 and extraxtion solution SS into ziplock bad Extraction 2. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. We even have genes in common with the banana plant! Its natural shape is called a double helix and when seen under extremely high-powered microscopes, it looks kind of like a ladder twisted into a spiral shape. 2 0 obj Hypothesis: Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. And because the DNA doesnt dissolve in alcohol, this substance helps the DNA clump together in a separate layer. * Pragya Khanna. About 60 percent of our genes have a recognizable counterpart in the banana genome! endobj Then a plastic pipette was filled with the filtrate two times and added to the alcohol. C q" Salt is used at a high molarity due to the fact that it precipitates all of the proteins out. 1. The soap breaks apart the cell membrane and the cell parts that hold the DNA. It also controls many of the features that make an organism unique. %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz Order custom essay Extracting Dna from Bananas Let's think of three of the main itemswe added to the bananas. In this study, we evaluate eight commonly used DNA extraction methods to determine their efficacy in PCR analysis across life stages and preservation . Traditional methods include judging by phenotypes characteristics. The ability to extract DNA is of primary importance to studying the genetic causes of disease and for the development of diagnostics and drugs. * To understand how a buffer solutions disrupts the plasma membrane and releasing cellular components into the solution. For the genes DNA to subsequently influence an inherited trait, the stored genetic information in the DNA in most cases is first transferred to a closely related nuclei acid, RNA or ribonucleic acid. Then the DNA can be precipitated out of the solution by adding alcohol. Lea being the main narrator, sat up on her knees, Inviting the audience In to listen and seemed more comforting and engaged, whereas Phil communicated with the audience with the. DNA extraction The concentrations of the extracted DNA was measured using the NanoPhotometer,UV/Vis spectrophotometer (Implen, munich, Germany) and the average concentration for 12 samples was 0.045g/l. /SM 0.02 Community Solutions, The Mysterious Case of the Missing Periods, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/10/, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/717/04/, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/08/, 1/2 peeled ripe banana (you can also use strawberries or other fruit), very cold rubbing alcohol (isopropyl alcohol) placed in freezer ahead of time. Add the dishwashing soap into the bag and gentlymix, trying not to make it foam up. ASU - Ask A Biologist. Genes, along with other parts of our DNA that turn genes on and off, hold information for how our body develops and functions. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. 4 0 obj For instance, the detergent or soap helps to break down the cells outer membrane, and the salt helps to separate the DNA from other materials in the cell. The mixtures were filtered through cheesecloths. While you may know of the double-helix structure of DNA, you can't see that structure with the naked eye. These instructions are in segments of DNA called genes. 0 Johns Hopkins University Press. 0000004908 00000 n Materials: Half a peeled banana distilled water plastic sealable bag or beaker plastic cup shampoo or dishwashing liquid table salt However, it is nice because the students get to see and hold in their hand the substance they have been studying that seems so abstract and hard to believe it even exists. Spin the stirrer it in place to start gathering the cloudy stuff. Place a very small sample of the extracted DNA on a microscope slide and place one drop of Aceto-orecin stain on the . In a separate five-ounce cup, a solution consisting of one teaspoon of shampoo and two pinches of salt was made. /Producer ( Q t 5 . Each strand of the helix consists of a linear polymer made up of genetic building blocks called nucleotides. 0000008293 00000 n Essentials of Genetics. 20g of banana was added into each ziplock bag labeled Extraction 1 and Extraction 2 3. %PDF-1.4 % Dna Banana Extraction Lab Answers Recognizing the pretentiousness ways to get this books dna banana extraction lab answers is additionally useful. The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine. Some additional protocols for DNA extractions: Sex Influenced Female Dominant Inheritance, beakers 100ml and 2x250ml (or jars that same size), liquid dishwashing detergent (clear solution works better than cloudy), Make a 10% solution of dishwashing detergent in one of your 250ml beakers (make enough to fill the mortar half way), Add the 10% detergent solution to cover the fruit, Grind the banana in the soap solution until there are no lumps (this is the hardest part, have the students take turns), Fasten a coffee filter to the 250 ml beaker with a rubber band so there is room for the fruit to be poured into the filter, Pour the fruit and soap mixture into the filter and place in a cold place to filter, Clean up your lab area while you are waiting for the filtering to complete, Remove the filter and throw away the contents, Pour enough of the liquid into a test tube to fill it 2 cm high, Add twice the volume of 95% ethanol (try to layer the alcohol on top by gently pouring it down the side of the test tube), The DNA will precipitate in the boundary between the alcohol and the banana mixture as a cloudy mass. /Width 625 Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. >> After the alcohol layer is set up, wait for eight minutes. MATERIALS AND APPARATUS PER CLASS * (60-70 oC) Water bath * 95% Ethanol * Extraction solution * Cheesecloth Ice chest containing ice PER GROUP * 40g Banana * 2 ziplock bags (Label Extraction 1 and Extraction 2) * 2 funnels * 2 test tubes * 50ml conical tube (2 pieces) * 500ml beaker (2 pieces) * Glass Rod (2 pieces) * Shampoo 4ml * Distilled water 40ml * Table Salt (NaOH) 0. We are going to use fruits because they are soft and easy to pulverize. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. It is also essential for carrying out forensic science, sequencing genomes, detecting bacteria and viruses in the environment and for determining paternity. stream The conical flasks was labelled S and SS. Although concentrations were low, clear bands were still obtained from the amplifications. 0000039985 00000 n Do "ot $et the 0$ter touch the bottom, m#xture so that there are two $ayers o! My hypothesis was correct for strawberries producing the most DNA followed by kiwis and than bananas last. DNA is a component of living and once-living things. Because DNA is in every cell, there is a lot of it in an organism. REFERENCES: BOOKS: * Neil A. Campbell, Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson, Biology (8th Ed), Pearson International Edition: Pearson, Benjamin Cummings. Overall, the Lab: Extracting DNA from Bananas demonstrated and visualized the process of how DNA can be seen from the naked eye by removing DNA directly from bananas. Pour the mix into the filter and let it sit until all of the liquid drips down into the cup. <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 14 0 R 15 0 R 16 0 R 17 0 R 23 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Each strand is made up of a chain of nucleotides. Each nucleotide has three parts: a deoxyribose molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. "Seeing DNA". Once these membranes are broken apart, the DNA is released from the cell. Then the salt and shampoo had to be dissolved into the mixture by stirring slowly by avoiding foaming. Because DNA exists inside of cell and ultimately inside of the nucleus proteins must be denatured to locate the DNA. The salt was dissolved by stirring slowly to avoid foaming. cookie policy. can use them for free to gain inspiration and new creative ideas for their writing The four nitrogenous are A(adenine), G(guanine), T(thymine) and C(cytosine). Experiment to purify DNA from fruit Bananas, kiwis and strawberries all work well. What scientific advances have made this possible? What properties do bases have? The salt will help the DNA stick together once it is out of the cells. And because DNA doesn't dissolve in alcohol, this substance helps DNA to cluster into a separate layer. 3g PROCEDURE (A) Extraction solution recipe: 4ml of shampoo was mixed with 36ml of distilled water. This lab was conducted in order to show and analyze the way DNA is extracted. Body identification is a subfield of forensic science wherein investigators need to identify a body. DNA Extraction process DNA is an incredibly small molecule, but in large quantities, it can be seen. The book is also an excellent resource for those studying or researching food technology, food science, food engineering, food packaging, applied nutrition, biotechnology, and more. Equipment You will need the following: Two clear glasses/cups Sealable plastic bag Banana Blunt knife and teaspoon Plate/chopping board Measuring jug Place the banana onto a plate. 0000001162 00000 n Close the bag and very gently squeeze and move the saltwater and banana mush together. DNA molecules are long, slender molecules that carry the heritable information of organisms on to future generations. This process was repeated for 4 times. 9>U0c4S7FK9>>Ns^|t_g7]}|qwwQvvpaZEU2pOUAK2wb)m-]v| By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. This essay was written by a fellow student. The coffee filter was specifically placed in the cup so that it did not touch the bottom. Breaking cells open to release the DNA. Stir gently trying to avoid making too many bubbles in the mixture. Place the banana pieces into a sealable plastic bag. xnFab5\8CA _4E$`i,yI:=x-Yd.5g:#6}^={s/0lH*|?x'}=]4}vb ~M4q'(OV%l`! Use the wooden stirrer to start poking the cloudy stuff in the alcohol layer. Watch biologist Melissa Wilson Sayres as she shows you step-by-step how to extract DNA from a banana. DNA is insoluble in low molar salt solutions but soluble in low molar salt solutions thus keeping the DNA in solution. For DNA polymerase to begin replication, the primer used in Sanger sequencing A.can have any nucleotide sequence B.will have a complementary sequence to the 3 end C.will have a. As a human, you usually get a set of instructions from your mom and another set from your dad more, Molecule: a chemical structure that has two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond. ?>, Order original essay sample specially for your assignment needs, https://phdessay.com/extracting-dna-from-bananas/, A Passion for DNA: Genes, Genomes, and Society, A role for transportin in the nuclear import of Adenovirus core proteins and dna, get custom Materials: Extracting DNA from Bananas student handout 1 large banana 3/4 cups distilled . Within every living organism, most cells contain a complete set of DNA instructions. << Need urgent help with your paper? dna-extraction-lab-report-banana-conclusion 2/7 Downloaded from kelliemay.com on October 4, 2022 by guest sprint against other world-class researchers to solve one of science's greatest mysteries gives a dazzlingly clear picture of a world of brilliant scientists with great gifts, very human ambitions, and bitter rivalries. Type your requirements and I'll connect The white DNA could be seen precipitating out of the alcohol layer. You may understand that mashing a banana can break cells apart and help break apart cell walls, but why was all that other stuff added? If the steps were altered then the yield or the amount of DNA per banana could have been very small because the DNA would get trapped inside the cells or bound to lipids. The article Whole-Genome Patterns of Common DNA Variations in Three Human Populations provides detailed and examination of core individual differences in DNA sequences. The process of transferring information from DNA to RNA is called transcription. Essay. If the lab is conducted properly then we should be able to view a visible. Extracting quality DNA from scale insects, including mealybugs, can be difficult due to their small body size and waxy coating. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Ef+\:IZy}r(| F @q!4}g' U-CBb8sxurgg$t@AumUg Sx}Pa=cWyyh>WikxqB(;I&dCf&7CgCr(zMQl`PL BXIfBk. * Peter J. Bowler (1989). All of the above steps were completed in the same manner for the banana DNA extraction except DNA and small cell debris to filter through. The DNA kiwi extraction shows how simple it may be to extract DNA from a living organism which is very essential because DNA gives important information DNA. Views 778 Extracting DNA from Bananas In the Lab: Extracting DNA from Bananas, DNA was removed from bananas that had been blended with water in order to examine how DNA is seen from the naked eye. 2 What are the benefits of extracting DNA? 0tx AA~/''8szs' / J~tG x #. 0000000016 00000 n Do you think the subject Chemistry is necessary or useful on your future career (in Industry, research, academe, engineering, etc.)? 3. 0000006243 00000 n (B) Banana Extraction 1. 0000002160 00000 n 19 April, 2016. https://askabiologist.asu.edu/activities/banana-dna, Melissa Wilson Sayres. By continuing well assume youre on board with our Strawberry DNA Extraction - the University of Queensland, How to Extract DNA from a Banana - Regina Bailey. The type of RNA that helps in mRNA splicing is made by RNA polymerase ________. The banana DNA was easy to see as it was a light pink/clear and it was chunky and had thick pieces when picked up with the skewer but it appeared shredded in the liquid. Step 2: In a separate bowl, mix the washing up liquid, salt and tap water. DNA contains the instructions required to build each living thing. Describe the limitations of traditional methods of Identifying bacteria. /Height 155 (B) Banana Extraction 1. Pour the saltwater mix into the bag. The filtration step (pouring the mixture through the strainer) allows for the collection of the DNA and other cellular substances. 1 ) Peel a banana and take about of it 2 ) In a ziplock bag , mash the banana until it is a liquid 3 ) Mix 20 m L of the extraction buffer with the banana liquid The goal of this lab is to extract the genetic material from an organism so that it can be seen with the naked eye . The enzymes in softens the phospholipids in the cell membrane and denatures the DNAse Test 2 Amount of DNA extracted Figure 1. This complementarity between adenine and cytosine nitrogenuos base pairs and between guanine and cytosine nitrogenuos base pase pairs, attracted to one another by hydrogen bonds, is critical to genetic function. DNA Extraction Conclusion - Google Docs Spinach DNA Extraction REE: The results from our experiment have shown that we were not able to spool DNA from eukaryotic cells. The subsequent conversion of the genetic information contained in RNA into a protein is called translation. We are able to properly and successfully extract DNA from banana using cell disruption and separation techniques. The point both 3 small test tubes and to investigate the cell nucleus to release the DNA. endstream endobj 136 0 obj <>/Metadata 6 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/Pages 5 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/StructTreeRoot 8 0 R/Type/Catalog/Lang( E N - U S)/LastModified(D:20081007164008)/PageLabels 3 0 R>> endobj 137 0 obj <>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 138 0 obj <> endobj 139 0 obj <> endobj 140 0 obj <> endobj 141 0 obj [/ICCBased 153 0 R] endobj 142 0 obj <>stream Step 8: Pour the drained liquid into a glass. xb``a``f Y800* @1*?./j Did you know that we have over 70,000 essays on 3,000 topics in our DNA extraction is a method to purify DNA by using physical and/or chemical methods from a sample separating DNA from cell membranes, proteins, and other cellular components. We will use common household products to break apart the cells in a banana and extract out the DNA. 135 0 obj <> endobj The positively charged sodium ions in the salt help protect the negatively charged phosphate groups that run along the backbone of the DNA. ASU - Ask A Biologist, Web. It is perhaps more amazing how a scientist discovers one. Extracting DNA from Bananas In the Lab: Extracting DNA from Bananas, DNA was removed from bananas that had been blended with water in order to examine how DNA is seen from the naked eye. In eukaryotic organisms, RNA most ofther carries the genetic information out of the nucleus, where chromosomes reside into the cytoplasm of the cell. * To observe the extraction of genomic DNA from plant cells. If you took all of the DNA out of some middle-sized organism (or part of an organism, like a piece of fruit),you could see and even touch DNA. It does not store any personal data. /Length 8 0 R How are native to assess its use banana dna extraction lab report conclusion! /Type /ExtGState Purpose : endobj 19 Apr 2016. 0000002685 00000 n Thus, DNA is present in all living organisms. DNA extraction is also the first step in genetic engineering of animals. What is the best fruit to extract DNA from? assignments. The authors pay attention to genetic basis. This could be a problem if two bacteria looked similar because they could easily. Cells reproduce in part by passing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from parent cells to offspring cells. You must cite our web site as your source. Although most mutants are either impersonal or harmful they are besides the natural stuff for development. When subjected to certain conditions, it is possible to collect large amounts of DNA to make it visible. The salt enables the DNA strands to come together, or aggregate. 20g of banana was added into each ziplock bag labeled 'Extraction 1' and 'Extraction 2' 3. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. A.deletion B.duplication C.translocation D.transposition E.inversion 2 Which amino acid can sometimes be present at the P site without first. The test tubes were carefully handled to avoid shaking. Materials for each group of students: 4. Why is working with linked genes not simple? 0000002648 00000 n the so$ut#o" whe" the a$coho$, #s a%%e%. The nuclei acid DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid serves as the genetic material in all living organisms as well as in most viruses. Some of the protein is still present. Write reflection paper about this question. Extracting DNA from a Banana and Other Fruits Introduction All living things, bananas and people included, pass on information from one generation to the next using the same basic material, DNA. A. potential of crossing over in meiosis I B. An academic unit ofThe College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, You may need to edit author's name to meet the style formats, which are in most cases "Last name, First name.